fix: bump github actions to node24 runtimes

[talalashraf]

GitHub removes Node ≤20 action runtimes from runners on 2026-09-16 (forced Node 24 default since 2026-06-16) — changelog. Actions updated to their Node 24 releases:

• actions/checkout v4 → v6
• actions/stale v5 → v10
• actions/upload-artifact v4 → v7
• docker/build-push-action v6 → v7
• docker/login-action v3 → v4

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[tobernguyen]

Clean node24 runtime bump (GitHub Actions version pins only) — LGTM ✅. Note: pre-existing CI failures are in the project's own jobs, unrelated to these version-pin bumps.