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perf: null-free fast path for COUNT(DISTINCT) primitive accumulator - #23956

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viirya:perf-count-distinct-nullfree
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perf: null-free fast path for COUNT(DISTINCT) primitive accumulator#23956
viirya wants to merge 1 commit into
apache:mainfrom
viirya:perf-count-distinct-nullfree

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@viirya

@viirya viirya commented Jul 28, 2026

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Which issue does this PR close?

Rationale for this change

PrimitiveDistinctCountAccumulator::update_batch does a per-element validity check on every row even when the array has no nulls. Its own merge_batch already inserts wholesale from the values buffer, so the same fast path applies to update_batch. Inspired by the null-free fast paths added to percentile_cont/median in #23954.

What changes are included in this PR?

  • When null_count() == 0, insert directly from the values buffer (self.values.extend(arr.values().iter().copied())) instead of the per-element Option check.
  • Unit test asserting the fast and general paths agree (a dense array and a null-containing array with the same non-null values yield the same distinct count).

Benchmarks

count_distinct benchmark, null-free 8192-row batches:

count_distinct i64 80% distinct   -67.0%  (54.9 -> 18.1 us)
count_distinct i64 99% distinct   -66.0%  (54.9 -> 18.7 us)
count_distinct u32 80% distinct   -66.9%  (53.9 -> 17.8 us)
count_distinct u32 99% distinct   -65.3%  (53.3 -> 18.5 us)
count_distinct i32 80% distinct   -66.9%  (54.1 -> 17.9 us)
count_distinct i32 99% distinct   -66.2%  (53.2 -> 18.0 us)

The bitmap-backed cases (u8/i8/u16/i16) and the grouped-accumulator cases don't use this path and are unchanged, as expected.

Are these changes tested?

Yes — new unit test; existing count-distinct tests pass.

Are there any user-facing changes?

No.

`PrimitiveDistinctCountAccumulator::update_batch` iterated values with a
per-element `Option`/validity check even when the input array had no
nulls. Add a fast path that, when `null_count() == 0`, inserts directly
from the values buffer (mirroring what `merge_batch` already does),
skipping the per-element branch.

This is the same style of null-free fast path recently applied to the
median / percentile_cont accumulators (apache#23954).

Benchmarks (`count_distinct`, null-free 8192-row batches):

    count_distinct i64 80% distinct    -66.4%  (54.2 -> 18.4 us)
    count_distinct i64 99% distinct    -66.3%  (54.7 -> 18.4 us)
    count_distinct u32 80% distinct    -68.7%
    count_distinct u32 99% distinct    -62.9%
    count_distinct i32 80% distinct    -64.4%
    count_distinct i32 99% distinct    -63.7%

Co-authored-by: Claude Code
@github-actions github-actions Bot added the functions Changes to functions implementation label Jul 28, 2026
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Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 80.69%. Comparing base (b0b9dae) to head (034c216).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #23956      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   80.69%   80.69%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files        1095     1095              
  Lines      372529   372556      +27     
  Branches   372529   372556      +27     
==========================================
+ Hits       300626   300643      +17     
- Misses      53942    53946       +4     
- Partials    17961    17967       +6     

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COUNT(DISTINCT <primitive>) misses a null-free fast path in its update loop

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